Carbon reduction has recently emerged as a critical global issue, prompting many companies to implement measures to lower their emissions. In Korea, the steel industry accounts for approximately 39% of industrial carbon emissions, with blast furnace operations responsible for about 82% of that share. Consequently, effective carbon mitigation in the steel industry requires the development and...
A blast furnace (BF) is still the dominant process for making iron in the world. The blast furnace is charged with coke and iron burden materials including iron ore pellets, sinter and lump ore. While descending in the blast furnace the iron burden reduces. In order to simulate this, two different types of gas-temperature programs have been used. Program (1) has step-wise changes with gas...
Global crude steel production has shown a steady increase in recent years, with approximately 70% produced via the blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF) route and the remaining 30% by the electric arc furnace (EAF) process. The BF–BOF route consumes a large amount of fossil-based carbon materials, resulting in significant CO₂ emissions. Therefore, the transition from the BF–BOF process...
The defossilisation of hard-to-abate industries such as steel and cement is a major challenge for achieving climate-neutrality in 2050. In these sectors, some CO2 emissions are unavoidable due to chemical reactions during raw material processing (e.g., limestone calcination) and the use of carbon in steel production. Therefore, efficient and scalable carbon capture technologies are essential...
Abstract
In this study, various methods and stages of direct air capture (DAC) of CO₂ are first reviewed. Subsequently, major DAC companies and projects worldwide are examined, with a particular focus on the technologies developed by the Swiss company Climeworks in the field of DAC—especially its latest innovation, the structured amine-based sorbents. The study then compares different DAC...