The HIsarna ironmaking process is a smelting reduction process under development at pilot scale at Tata Steel in IJmuiden, the Netherlands. The pilot trials have reached a stage where upscaling to an industrial scale can take place.
Over the past few years several significant upgrades were made to the pilot facility to improve operational stability and plant reliability to further explore the...
Mitigation of CO$_2$ emissions is an urgent challenge for the steel industry, which is one of the most CO$_2$-intensive sectors. As a promising approach to significantly reduce CO$_2$ emissions from blast furnace operations, the carbon recycling blast furnace process has been proposed. In this process, carbon recycled reducing agents are synthesized from CO$_2$ contained in blast furnace gas...
In the ironmaking process, more than 80% of the steel industry’s CO2 emissions are produces, and low-carbon blast furnace (BF) operations are needed to achieve carbon neutrality.
Sinter is a major raw material for the BF, and CO2 generation is inevitable because carbon materials (CM), such as coke and anthracite, are used during sintering process. It is necessary to reduce the use of CM to...
The steel industry accounts for roughly 7–9% of global CO₂ emissions, largely because traditional production relies on carbon-based reduction methods. Reaching climate neutrality demands alternative process routes that eliminate direct CO₂ emissions. The Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction (HPSR) process is a promising carbon-free approach that uses hydrogen plasma simultaneously as a heat...
Flash reduction ironmaking is being developed as an alternative pathway for producing DRI from iron ore fines. Producing DRI directly from fines eliminates pelletising step. Flash reduction in ironmaking was pioneered by Sohn et al. where they used co-current flow of hydrogen at a temperature between 1200 to 1600°C with iron ore particle size between 20 to 53 µm. Calix is developing Zero...
This study experimentally analyzed the combustion characteristics of Biocarbon and Carbon Black as potential substitutes for PCI coal in the blast furnace process. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to determine the basic combustion properties of each sample, while drop tube furnace and laminar flow reactor were used to evaluate combustion performance and visualize single-particle...