Steel scrap recognition plays a crucial role in energy consumption optimization in the electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production process. Scrap picking for basket loading is traditionally in charge of the operator, who operates based on the expected charge mix. This process is prone to human operator errors. Scrap loads typically consist of heterogeneous mixtures of metal waste with diverse...
Electric arc furnace (EAF) steel making is increasingly impacted and challenged by volatile scrap markets, scrap quality, energy prices and supply chains. This makes it extremely hard to optimize the operational costs, because of constant daily changes in framework conditions. These dynamics limit the effectiveness of traditional heat-by-heat optimization, particularly when real production...
Scrap plays a crucial role in steelmaking in order to enhance processes sustainability, as it reduces the reliance on virgin raw materials and supports the circular economy, while lowering CO₂ emissions and energy demand. However, current trends in the EU scrap market show a slight decline in pre-consumer scrap streams (E2, E6, E8, turnings, etc.) and a short- and long-term increase in...
Steel decarbonisation is accelerating an infrastructural shift from Basic Oxygen Furnaces to scrap-based Electric Arc Furnace steelmaking. This shift places far greater reliance on post-consumer scrap streams, particularly end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), which supply 1.5-2 Mt of scrap annually in the UK and 8-9 Mt across Europe. Blending high-grade automotive steels with mixed co-materials can...
Against the backdrop of the steel industry’s low-carbon transition, short-route production centered on the electric arc furnace (EAF) is attracting increasing attention because it can couple with renewable electricity and reduce CO₂ emissions substantially. However, current EAF operations face several challenges, when melting materials such as direct reduced iron (DRI), especially DRI from...