7th European Steel Technology and Application Days - ESTAD 2025

Session

Smelting & Carburization Technologies

2

9 Oct 2025, 13:20

Vivaldi (Palaexpo Veronafiere)

Conveners

Smelting & Carburization Technologies

• F Cirilli (Rina Consulting Centro Sviluppo Materiali)

Description

1.4.4

260. Smelter technology to close the raw material gap in green steel production routes

Bernhard Voraberger (Primetals Technologies)

09/10/2025, 13:20

Ironmaking - Direct reduction and smelting reduction

Keynote Presentation

The transition to green steel faces several challenges: raw material availability, green electric energy availability, and the associated cost. Direct reduction (DR) is a promising solution for reducing CO2 emissions in ironmaking. While natural gas-based DR is established and new plants are ready for operation with green hydrogen, the high costs of natural gas and hydrogen in Europe increase...

416. Slag Modelling and Design Optimisation for Enhanced Performance in Electric Smelting Furnaces

Kamal Joubarani (Hatch Ltd.)

09/10/2025, 13:40

Ironmaking - Direct reduction and smelting reduction

Oral Presentation

The ironmaking industry faces increasing pressure to reduce carbon emissions in response to global sustainability initiatives. This has incentivised steelmakers to move away from the traditional Blast Furnace (BF), with an emerging alternative being the Electric Smelting Furnace (ESF). The transition to ESFs will reshape slag management and design, requiring a reassessment of slag properties,...

12. Investigation of the smelting and carburization behavior of DRI-Pellets under an inert atmosphere using various carburization agents.

Mr Daniel Kipp (Universität Duisburg-Essen)

09/10/2025, 14:00

Ironmaking - Direct reduction and smelting reduction

Oral

Carburization during the smelting of direct reduced iron in a smelter is critical in achieving the desired hot metal properties for refining in a steel plant. This study investigates DRI's smelting and carburizing behavior, focusing on the interaction between slag and carburization agents of differing grain sizes. The key objectives include achieving a high carbon content in the hot metal,...

31. Reaction behaviour of different carbon sources in FeO containing slags for electric smelting furnaces

Mr Johann Winkler

09/10/2025, 14:20

Ironmaking - Direct reduction and smelting reduction

Oral

Electric smelting furnaces (ESF) represent a promising ironmaking technology for reducing steel industry’s CO2 emissions by utilizing direct reduced iron and a lower need of solid carbon sources compared to blast furnaces. Carbon sources in ESFs serve two primary functions: reduction of FeO from slag and acting as carburizers for the hot metal. Thus, the yield of ESFs is strongly influenced by...

290. Effect of Carbonaceous Material Graphitization Degree on Carburization Behavior in Fe-C Mixture Powder during Rapid Heating

Ayana Ono (Kyushu University Graduate School of Engineering)

09/10/2025, 14:40

Ironmaking - Direct reduction and smelting reduction

Oral

Although carburization is one of the key reactions in steel production, and one for which no other elements can be substituted, coal as carbon source is used. Therefore, it is required to switch from coal to carbon-neutral materials for decarbonization. Previous research has reported that carbonaceous material with low graphitization degree and less ash has advantage for carburization...